In 1983, Nikolaj Khramov joined the Moscow Trust Group - an independent peace group persecuted by KGB. In 1984 was been expelled from the Moscow State University for "anti-Soviet activity", and was constantly under KGB control, during the summer of '84, he was imprisoned three times for 15 days each time with charges of "hooliganism" and "police disobedience"
In autumn of the same year, after receiving the draft call, he refused to serve the army motivating such a step as a protest against Societ war in Afghanistan and because the USSR was not recognizing the right to conscientious objection.After four and a half months in military prisons and hospitals on the Far East of the country, he was released without a trial and returned to his active anti-militarist activity in Moscow. In 1987-89 was editor and publisher of the Samizdat bulletin "Denj Za Dnem" (Day by day) - a chronicle of anti-militarist movement in USSR.
During 1984-86 he was sentenced 8 times to 15-day of imprisonments always on false accusations. Each time he protested the sentence fasting while in prison. For his antimilitarist activities he received many threats and was beaten several times on the street by "unknown hooligans". In 1989, he was of the first USSR citizens who joined the Transnational Radical Party. Together with Antonio Stango, he created in Moscow the first cell of the TRP in Soviet Union. Ever since that year, he has participated in all initiatives of Party in USSR and later in CIS. In 1991, in Kiev, he formed the first group of TRP in Ukraine. In 1992-94, in Kiev, he was the director of TRP Kiev office where he was also the coordinator of TRP activities in Ukraine and Moldova.
After the assassination of TRP member Andrea Tamburi in Moscow, in February 1994, he returned to the Russian Capital. From 1992 to 1995, was member of General Council of the TRP. Currently he directs the TRP Moscow office, and he is among the coordinators of the TRP activities in the former Soviet Union, with focus on Radical anti-militarist campaign in Russia. In January 1995, together with Antonio Stango he visited Chechnya to have a first-hand assessment of the situation to draw attention of the world public opinion to the human rights violations committed by Russian Army in the Republic.