Коганицкий Григорий. Appendix 2d

All innovations declared here are the property of the author and cannot be used without his consent.

IMPACT TACTICAL GROUPS

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JUSTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF DESIGN OF MACHINES FOR IMPACT TACTICAL GROUPS

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THE SELF-PROPELLED 155 MM HOWITZER-CANNON.

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APPENDIX 2A - ARTILLERY MODULE OF THE SELF-PROPELLED 155 MM HOWITZER-CANNON.

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APPENDIX 2D - BARREL'S INTERNAL BALLISTICS.

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APPENDIX 2D, CONCEPT AND DETAILING

All drawings are made at a level that allows to make a dynamic mock-up working as emulator.

The goal was to develop a workable scheme / concept of self-propelled guns, ultimate parameters, having a reasonable price level and when it working as part of an impact tactical group capable to suppressing, of any existing, modern self-propelled guns in a counter-battery working.

The self-propelled 155 mm howitzer-cannon is designed to provide work and cover for the impact tactical group during an attack and on the march.

Its task is to destroying enemy artillery and tanks on distance up to 50 km, which are detected by air reconnaissance vehicles of the impact tactical group, which are capable of counteracting to the fulfillment of the tasks assigned to it and to cover it with shrapnel shots from air attacks at a slant range of up to 10 km as by aircraft and as by planning bombs.

THE SPECIFIC FEATURES OF ITS BARREL ARE:

In traditional artillery systems, the work expended on forcing translational and rotational motion to the projectile is approximately 20-35% of the total energy of powder gases. This value shows the efficiency of the weapon, 10-25% is spent on secondary work, and 40-50 % of energy is throw out after the projectile leaves the barrel and this energy to be lost.

The muzzle velocity of shell strongly depends on the length of the barrel as the longer the barrel, the longer the powder gases can act on the projectile, accelerating it.

But in this has three problems:

If rifled barrel too long it is very laborious to manufacture and has a low resource;

A rifled barrel that is too long, even if progressive cutting is used, has a high coefficient of energy loss due to friction;

A rotating projectile interacts with air flows transverse to its movement and has high derivational deviations and energy losses, and on the steeply falling part of the trajectory it has increased precession and, accordingly, increased energy losses and a large deviation from the aiming point.

These problems are partially solved by the use of smoothbore systems, but when using them, problems arise with obturation of the projectile in the barrel and the accuracy of such systems, other things being equal, is lower than that of rifled systems.

To ovoid these problems, the barrel of the proposed gun module, consisting of: 15 - barrel casing; 14 - monoblock with forced cooling fins; 16 - muzzle brake, has a bicaliber liner with a central conical part (highlighted by red).

In addition, a liquid propellant charge is used, capable of giving, with a long barrel, more favorable pressure curves than a powder charge. (liquid variable charge based on monergol /monopropellant/ will be described in a separate chapter)

// The production technology of the barrel's liner by electroslag forming will be transferred to the customer only after the signing of the contract. //

Only the first third of the barrel, located in front of the conical part, is rifled. It is cylindrical, approximately 18-21 gauges long and has a progressive thread. For example, its diameter, measured by grooves, is 200mm.

It is followed by a non-threaded, conical part, having a diameter, respectively, varying from 200 to 175 mm (highlighted by red). The length of the conical part is approximately 1.5 meters.

The last third of the barrel is not rifled, with a diameter of 175 mm and a length of at least 50 calibers.

The second and third parts of the barrel have an anti-friction coating.

The projectile is based on a slightly modified NATO projectile for long-range artillery caliber 155mm - 10, the nose of which is shortened and bushings with two bearings - 8 are added to it

The projectile is installed in a brass case - 2 that has an outer diameter of 175 mm along the ogival part; on the centering spheroid - 3 and the conical leading obturator - 1 diametr is 200mm. The entire assembly (hereinafter - just a projectile) is connected by a contact pair - 6 with a leading obturator - 1.

The projectile has two detonators: rear - 4, is inertial, having two functionals, serving both to start the accelerator / gas generator, and for contact detonation of the charge; front detonator - 5, is programmable that carries out a direct aiming projectile at the target in final stage of trajectory and blasting in specified point (guidance will be described in a separate chapter)

There is a gap of 1.5-2 mm between the inner, durable case and the outer, light case. The gap and all internal cavities - 9 are filled by low-melting, 300-400 * C, filler having high anti-friction ability.

The inner surface of the outer casing and the outer surface of the durable, inner casing have an anti-friction coating.

At the rear of the light body is a powder accelerator - 7.

Protrusions - 11 of the leading obturator - 1 engage with the nozzle's apertures - 12

IN THE PROCESS OF EXECUTING OF SHOT

At the initial moment (before the ignition of the propellant composition), the leading obturator and the assembly of the projectile are pressed into the beginning of the rifled part by the excess pressure of the monergol (the propellant charge will be described in a separate chapter).

At the initial moment of the shot: the centering spheroid - 3 has a maximum diameter; filler in the solid state and the entire projectile can be considered as a monolithic solid body.

After the initiation of monergol, the projectile, as a single solid body, begins to move along the rifling of the barrel, crashing into the rifling by the obturator and receiving rotation due to this.

The bottom fuse under of the centrifugal acceleration of the projectile triggers and, with a time delay, initiates the first phase of the engine-accelerator.

By the time when the projectilethe begins to pass tapered section of the barrel , the engine separates the obturator and warms up the filler to a plastic state.

During the passage of the conical part, the centering spheroid is compressed to the diameter of the non-threaded, accelerating part of the barrel, and, under the action of static pressure and centrifugal forces in the ductile filler, provides obturation.

The leading obturator in the conical part of the barrel be deformed to the diameter of the smoothbore part and moves synchronously, but independently of the projectile.

During passing thru the accelerating, smooth-bore part of the barrel, the light outer casing loses its rotation due to friction, but the heavy inner casing, installed relative to the outer casing on bearings, retains its rotation inside a medium with a low coefficient of friction.

For most of the ascending part of the trajectory, the outer shell of the projectile does not rotate and has a reduced level of interaction with fluctuations in air flows.

The muzzle velocity of the projectile will be, presumably, 1100 - 1150 m / s. The speed of the projectile at the end of the accelerating section of the trajectory will be, presumably, 1200 - 1300 m / s.

Ingine-accelerator has two-stage and after the main powder cartridge burns out, the auxiliary powder cartridge works as a gas generator.

Коганицкий Григорий : другие произведения.

Appendix 2d - Barrel'S Internal Ballistics

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Аннотация: The self-propelled 155 mm howitzer-cannon is designed to provide work and cover for the impact tactical group during an attack and on the march. Its task is to destroying enemy artillery and tanks on distance up to 50 km, which are detected by air reconnaissance vehicles of the impact tactical group, which are capable of counteracting to the fulfillment of the tasks assigned to it and to cover it with shrapnel shots from air attacks at a slant range of up to 10 km as by aircraft and as by planning bombs.