Аннотация: The phenomenon of a trust. Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle. Maxim Gorky and Alexey Tolstoy. A historical note.
The phenomenon of a trust. Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle. Maxim Gorky and Alexey Tolstoy. A historical note.
After reading the biographies of Charles de Gaulle, one can learn the view that officials from the Foreign Office and the Intelligence service were skeptical of de Gaulle 's candidacy for the post of head of the French government in exile ("de facto" and "partially").
Still, Winston Churchill wrote in the memoir, "I trusted him..." (A quote from N.N. Molchanov. "General de Gaulle". M., 1980).
On 28 June 1940, the British government announced that it recognized de Gaulle as the head of the "Free France".
The phenomenon of trust and mistrust is of interest.
One of the friends of Natalya Vasilievna Tolstaya, the third wife of writer Alexey Tolstoy, made such a record in the diary.
"27 September [1932]
... Abroad in Berlin, when Gorky left Russia, it seems, in the 1921... Tolstoy and members of his family often saw him [Gorky] in Berlin. One day Maria Fedorovna [Andreeva] came to them in the morning, began to complain that someone reported that they had gold and jewels. There is a risk even an official search. She asks Tousya to hide her [Andreeva's] suitcase, which she will send with loyal people. Natalya Vasilievna [the wife of Alexey Nikolayevich Tolstoy] agreed. After a while, two young men brought a suitcase and asked to indicate where they could put it themselves. They were told - under the bed, where the suitcase was put. When the next day Julia began to clean the rooms, she tried to move this "suitcase", it turned out that she could not do it, because "suitcase" was heavy. He stood with them for a long time " (L.V. Shaporina. Diary. Volume 1).
Quite a curious biographical episode.
Alexey Tolstoy and Maxim Gorky. Who were they for each other? Absolutely different people. Different origin. Different views. Different history. What could to link them up?
What could create a trust between them?
Life was heavy. Emigration, material difficulties ... Someone was dying, someone was leaving, someone was disappearing... "The Old World" collapsed, disappeared...
It is possible to remember both the origin of Maxim Gorky, and his self-description "Nizhny Novgorod Craftsman" - the member of the Dye Shop... the knowledge of the Bible ... his grandfather ...
It is clear that for life abroad for period about 15 years Gorky needed funds, and he left Russia not empty-handed. Maria Fedorovna Andreeva was a woman with a life experience, had experience of theatrical activity, of an underground conspiracy party work, had children...
But where does such confidence in Count A.N. Tolstoy came from? Perhaps those people belonged to a world in which decency cost something...
Maybe they were united by the word-combination (self-identification) 'writer', "Russian writer"?
As for Winston Churchill 's trust in Charles de Gaulle, versions of the sources of such trust may vary - the biographies of Churchill and de Gaulle are widely known.
One can recall the word-combination from the book by Winston Churchill " The River War" (1899) - "brother officers" ["brothers-officers"]...
Anyway, trust has arisen.
Perhaps Victor Hugo 's life story also played a role. Victor Hugo opposed Napoleon III - from the moment of the emergence and to the moment of the fall of the dictatorial regime...
Both Churchill and de Gaulle were authors of books...
The phenomenon of trust is an interesting topic...
January 18, 2020 21:42
Translation from Russian into English: January 18, 2020 22:55.
Владимир Владимирович Залесский 'Феномен доверия. Уинстон Черчилль и Шарль де Голль. Максим Горький и Алексей Толстой. Историческая заметка.'.